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# CTO Academy - Data
This is the canonical reading order for the Data module.
## Progress
- [ ] Lesson 01 - [[Medallion Architecture]]
- [ ] Lesson 02 - [[Data Lake vs Data Warehouse vs Lakehouse]]
- [ ] Lesson 03 - [[ETL vs ELT]]
- [ ] Lesson 04 - [[Fact Table]]
- [ ] Lesson 05 - [[Dimension Table]]
- [ ] Lesson 06 - [[Star Schema]]
- [ ] Lesson 07 - [[Snowflake Schema]]
- [ ] Lesson 08 - [[Semantic Layer]]
- [ ] Lesson 09 - [[Data Lineage]]
- [ ] Lesson 10 - [[Data Governance]]
- [ ] Lesson 11 - [[Data Quality]]
- [ ] Lesson 12 - [[Metadata]]
- [ ] Lesson 13 - [[Data Catalog]]
- [ ] Lesson 14 - [[Data Owner]]
- [ ] Lesson 15 - [[Data Steward]]
- [ ] Lesson 16 - [[Business Glossary]]
- [ ] Lesson 17 - [[KPI]]
- [ ] Lesson 18 - [[Master Data Management]]
- [ ] Lesson 19 - [[Data Observability]]
- [ ] Lesson 20 - [[Data Contract]]
---
## Phase 1 - Data Architecture Foundations
### Lesson 01 - [[Medallion Architecture]]
Understand the Bronze → Silver → Gold model and how data matures through the platform.
### Lesson 02 - [[Data Lake vs Data Warehouse vs Lakehouse]]
Understand the major analytical storage architectures and when each is appropriate.
### Lesson 03 - [[ETL vs ELT]]
Understand where transformation happens in the data pipeline and why modern architectures increasingly use ELT.
---
## Phase 2 - Analytical Data Modeling
### Lesson 04 - [[Fact Table]]
Understand how business events and measurements are represented.
### Lesson 05 - [[Dimension Table]]
Understand how descriptive context is attached to business events.
### Lesson 06 - [[Star Schema]]
Understand the standard dimensional model used by analytical and BI systems.
### Lesson 07 - [[Snowflake Schema]]
Understand normalization of dimensions and the trade-off between simplicity and reduced duplication.
---
## Phase 3 - Business Meaning and Trust
### Lesson 08 - [[Semantic Layer]]
Understand how organizations create shared and reusable business definitions.
### Lesson 09 - [[Data Lineage]]
Understand where data comes from, how it changes, where it goes, and how to perform impact analysis.
### Lesson 10 - [[Data Governance]]
Understand the people, policies, ownership, standards, and processes that make organizational data trustworthy.
---
## Phase 4 - Operationalizing Data Governance
### Lesson 11 - [[Data Quality]]
Understand how accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, validity, and uniqueness are measured.
### Lesson 12 - [[Metadata]]
Understand the information that describes datasets, fields, ownership, refresh schedules, and business meaning.
### Lesson 13 - [[Data Catalog]]
Understand how organizations make datasets, metrics, lineage, ownership, and metadata discoverable.
### Lesson 14 - [[Data Owner]]
Understand who is accountable for the business meaning and appropriate management of data.
### Lesson 15 - [[Data Steward]]
Understand who handles the day-to-day operational responsibilities of governed data.
### Lesson 16 - [[Business Glossary]]
Understand how an organization establishes shared definitions for important business concepts.
---
## Phase 5 - Managing Data as a Business Asset
### Lesson 17 - [[KPI]]
Understand the difference between measures, metrics, KPIs, outputs, outcomes, and leading/lagging indicators.
### Lesson 18 - [[Master Data Management]]
Understand how organizations establish authoritative identities for important entities across systems.
### Lesson 19 - [[Data Observability]]
Understand how data teams detect broken, stale, incomplete, or abnormal data before business users discover it.
### Lesson 20 - [[Data Contract]]
Understand how producers and consumers establish explicit expectations for shared data.
---
# Quizzes
- [[Quiz 01 - Data Foundations]]
---
# Mental Model
The technical path:
Source Systems
[[ETL vs ELT]]
[[Medallion Architecture]]
Bronze → Silver → Gold
[[Fact Table]] + [[Dimension Table]]
[[Star Schema]] / [[Snowflake Schema]]
[[Semantic Layer]]
Power BI
Business Decisions
The governance surrounding it:
[[Data Governance]]
├── [[Data Owner]]
├── [[Data Steward]]
├── [[Business Glossary]]
├── [[Metadata]]
├── [[Data Catalog]]
├── [[Data Quality]]
├── [[Data Lineage]]
└── [[Data Contract]]
The operational trust layer:
[[Data Quality]]
+
[[Data Lineage]]
+
[[Data Observability]]
Can we trust the data right now?
---
# CTO Questions to Remember
When presented with data, ask:
1. What business question are we trying to answer?
2. What does one row represent? → [[Fact Table]]
3. What is the [[Grain]]?
4. What dimensions provide context? → [[Dimension Table]]
5. What is the business definition? → [[Business Glossary]]
6. Who owns that definition? → [[Data Owner]]
7. Is the definition implemented consistently? → [[Semantic Layer]]
8. Where did the data come from? → [[Data Lineage]]
9. Can we trust it? → [[Data Quality]]
10. How would we know if it broke? → [[Data Observability]]
11. What happens downstream if the source changes? → [[Data Lineage]]
12. What are producers expected to guarantee? → [[Data Contract]]